Category Archives: Sudan

Exit strategies for Sudan

It took slightly longer than planned to get out of Sudan, thanks to the combined efforts of the haboob and the staff of Khartoum airport. Flights were cancelled left, right and centre; I ended up staying an extra day in Khartoum, which I managed to fill with drinking juice and pretending that I hadn’t left my deodorant in my suitcase at the airport.

I also started thinking about exit strategies, which seemed particularly relevant given the debate that was taking place that day about whether the African Union should hand over its peacekeeping mission to the UN.

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Sudan takeaways

So there is some interesting stuff happening in Sudan (in terms of information management, that is) and right here’s where I’m telling you about it:

  • Sudan Interagency Mapping (http://www.unsudanig.org/sim/) is a group of actors using GIS, including UN and government agencies. The aim is simple – better spatial information, focusing on improving existing data – for example, making sure that town plans are available for the critical humanitarian hubs. This type of partnership has been tried in other places as well, and I think it’s a model for developing a strong GIS community.
  • World Vision ships a lot of relief materials, and has about five different tracking / reporting systems, covering particularly food distribution under contract from WFP. In order to deal most effectively with this, they created a Data Center which brings all the commodity tracking together, with data entry staff taking some of the reporting load off programme staff. It also means that they can work with the data much more effectively and look at issues of compatibility between different databases.
  • CARE are using GIS in their security reporting – without using any GIS software. Taking a basemap from the HIC Darfur (http://www.humanitarianinfo.org/darfur/) and using the notation feature in Adobe Acrobat Professional, they create a Weekly Update Map of security issues that any staff member can view. Most NGOs can’t afford the software or staff for GIS, but this idea gets around that problem – any staff member can be shown how to use Adobe for this in about 30 minutes.

None of these three initiatives are going to save Darfur, but if you add up a lot of little innovations, you start to see real changes.

Aidworker Restaurant Reviews #1 – K2

I nearly didn’t make it out of Nyala – not due to insecurity, just due to the UN Humanitarian Air Service booking system. The plane (an 18-seater Beechcraft) took off five minutes after the airport closed, and ended up over Khartoum 3 hours later in some of the worst turbulence I can remember. If I’d had any breakfast I would have lost it, but (as with most things in this world) it made me think of food. I’m therefore launching a new humanitarian initiative: Aidworker Restaurant Reviews.

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Notes from Kalma

I just spent the morning in Kalma IDP camp, because I thought it was important to get a better idea of the operation here. Otherwise I’m in danger of getting a little bit too fixated on this assessment, and issues like telecoms provision, monitoring and evaluation, staff orientation, etc.

As we approached the camp, I remembered that it was exactly 10 years ago that I visited my first refugee camp, the colossal Benaco refugee camp in Tanzania. Kalma is very similar to Benaco – with just under 100,000 residents, it’s the size of a town. Like a town, it has a huge requirement for basic services – water and sanitation, health care, education, and so on – which is where the UN agencies and NGOs come in. One of the dangers of these large-scale camps is that they may become semi-permanent, as IDPs resign themselves to the prospect of no return him (in this case, while the Janjaweed are still active), creating new problems of integration.

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Nyala – the city that never sleeps

It’s the weekend here in Darfur, which means that the entire town of Nyala has closed down (please bear in mind that it’s not the liveliest place during the week either). Nothing moves on Friday and very little moves on Saturday. Expatriates require a permit to travel outside Nyala, so going for a picnic in the desert is pretty much out, and you’d get sand in your vol-au-vents in any case. In town it’s quite safe to move around (in the requisite big white 4-wheel-drive) but there isn’t actually anywhere to go or anything to do.

Every single expat that I’ve spoken to here says the same thing – you have no life here, just the office and the guest house. You don’t need me to explain what life is like here – just read a few posts from sleeplessinsudan. So my assessment has ground to a halt, which gives me an opportunity to reflect on the difficulty of working in Sudan.

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Voice Over Sudan Protocol

When I started doing aid work (about ten years ago now), ‘the field’ really was ‘the field’. People were often very isolated, and communications were limited, whether to head office or home. I remember being very impressed by UNHCR‘s satellite telephone in Ngara, although I was more impressed by the fact that their satellite comms could also be used to watch the football on Saturday afternoon.

One of the interesting things about this assessment in Sudan is seeing how many people are using Skype - often against the wishes of agency IT departments, who don’t like Skype’s tendency to gobble bandwidth and breach firewalls. Keith Doyle of UNJLC commented to me yesterday that he was adding a new contact every day as more and more people were coming online. Now that more people in the field have access to satellite communications – whether their own or other agencies’ – it makes low-cost communication with friends and colleagues a possibility.

The general trend is towards increased connectivity, which means that in a few years, those massive satellite telephone bills (yes, I’m looking at you, RBGAN) will disappear. Otherwise, instead of low fixed cost purchase and high variable billing, we’ll have higher cost purchase and low (if not zero) billing. This will clearly change the way that we manage programmes, making distance management much easier and ensuring that staff in the field get better and quicker support.

The one problem with using Skype in Sudan? If you use SkypeOut and you want to purchase more credits, you can forget about it. Apparently the sanctions on Sudan also apply to credit card purchases made over the internet; all you get for your troubles is a message that says:

We’re terribly sorry, but we could not obtain clearance for the transaction of your recent order with Skype… When we can’t clear a transaction, it can be for various reasons — among those are… purchasing from a country which is restricted by our payment provider….

BUT I’M A HUMANITARIAN AID WORKER, AND I NEED TO CALL MY MUM.

Memories of Sudan

No, I haven’t left Sudan. But the humanitarian community working here does suffer terribly from memory loss. A new project here – the Sudan Open Archive Project – aims to address that, by recording and sharing every last piece of documentation they can find from Operation Lifeline Sudan (the UN-NGO consortium set up to provide cross-border relief to southern Sudan from 1989 onwards).

This project addresses a lot of the questions facing the sector. Dan Large, the project leader, has identified a problem that continues to make relief work more difficult – our seeming inability to learn (whether from our successes or our failures).

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Khartoum Capers

Day 2 in Khartoum. A far more interesting place than I imagined. Did I bring a camera? No, I didn’t. Luckily Khartoum’s not that interesting visually, and I’d probably get arrested if I did try to take pictures.

  • Most of yesterday and today arranging and carrying out interviews for this ECB assessment mission;
  • Spent Valentine’s Day with three depressed – yet manic – Sudanese girls, courtesy of my friend Maisoon la paparazza;
  • Submitted my travel application for Darfur (where I will probably regret not having a camera);
  • Discovered Turkish restaurant – essential for vegetarian refueling, particularly humous.

Apparently Khartoum is the safest city in Africa, although presumably that’s only if you discount the insane driving. I assume this is because there are 7 different intelligence agencies, and you can never be sure who’s watching. Or even who you work for.

That’s where it’s going to get tricky. The Sudanese government is extremely… shall we say, sensitive about criticism, particularly from outsiders. I will therefore bow to censorship, risk the wrath of the blogosphere, etc, and limit my remarks to

  1. personal observations of a weakly humorous nature, and
  2. professional observations of a technical nature.

That should guarantee an interesting blog.? If I were you, I’d read something else for the next three weeks.